Preheat the oven to 375°F (190°C) and line a baking sheet with parchment paper.
Roll out the crescent dough and separate it into individual triangles.
In a mixing bowl, combine cream cheese, granulated sugar, and vanilla extract until smooth.
Place a small dollop of the cream cheese mixture onto each triangle of dough, followed by a few fresh blueberries.
Carefully roll up each triangle, sealing the edges to keep the filling inside.
Place the rolls on the prepared baking sheet and bake for 10-12 minutes or until golden brown.
Allow to cool slightly before dusting with powdered sugar, if desired.